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2024 ‫מועד קיץ‬ - 47 - ‫ פרק שני‬- ‫אנגלית‬

Reading Comprehension

This part consists of two passages, each followed by several related questions. For each
question, choose the most appropriate answer based on the text.

Text I (Questions 13-17)

(1) Millions of people suffer from Crohn's disease, colitis, and other gastrointestinal
disorders. The gastrointestinal tract, which includes the stomach as well as the large
and small intestines, is long, narrow, and winding. The limited accessibility of the tract,
and particularly of the small intestine, sometimes makes it difficult, or even impossible,

(5) to use traditional diagnostic methods such as X-ray or ultrasound. Even endoscopy – a
procedure in which a long, thin, flexible tube with a camera on its end is inserted into

the gastrointestinal tract by way of the patient's mouth – cannot reach all parts of the
small intestine. Capsule endoscopy, invented by Israeli engineer Gavriel Iddan,
changed all that.

(10) Iddan revolutionized endoscopy by applying the principles of nanotechnology –
the miniaturization of components – to the standard medical technique. His invention
comprises a miniature camera, a battery, a light, and a wireless transmitter, all contained
in a capsule the size of a large vitamin pill. The patient swallows the device, which then
moves painlessly along the entire gastrointestinal tract, capturing images along the way.

(15) The tiny camera takes two color pictures every second for eight hours. These images
are transmitted to a small, portable recording device and are later examined on a
computer screen.

Capsule endoscopy has made diagnosis possible in many hitherto unresolvable
cases. Furthermore, it is less invasive than standard endoscopy and there is no

(20) discomfort involved. In fact, patients can even work or drive while undergoing the
procedure. Gastroenterologists have discovered many additional applications for this
technology. For example, different versions of the capsule can be used to administer
drugs directly to an affected area or for other therapeutic purposes. Many physicians
regard the device as a medical miracle.

Questions than the use of X-ray

13. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that endoscopy is

or ultrasound in diagnosing gastrointestinal disorders.

(1) less painful
(2) less complicated
(3) more traditional
(4) more effective

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