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2021 ‫מועד אביב‬ - 49 - ‫ פרק שני‬- ‫אנגלית‬

Text II (Questions 18-22)

(1) "There can be no peace in the world so long as a large proportion of the population
lack the necessities of life…. World peace must be based on world plenty." These
words sum up the philosophy of Scottish nutritionist and health campaigner John Boyd
Orr. The connection between hunger and war was very clear to Boyd Orr, who received

(5) the 1949 Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of his efforts to feed the hungry.

Boyd Orr studied medicine and biological sciences at Glasgow University. In 1914,
he set up the Nutrition Institute in Aberdeen, and in 1931 he founded and became editor
of Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews. Over the years, Boyd Orr conducted research on
human nutrition, focusing on the diets of mothers, children, and the poor. In his 1936

(10) report Food, Health, and Income, he concluded that there was an "appalling amount of
malnutrition" in Britain, across all economic groups. The report became the basis for
the country's food rationing program during World War II. Boyd Orr himself became an
influential member of the government's Scientific Committee on Food Policy.

At the end of World War II, Boyd Orr was appointed director-general of the United
(15) Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). As such, he played an important

role in setting up the International Emergency Food Council in 1946 in response to the
postwar food crisis. In 1947, Boyd Orr resigned in protest from the FAO when his
proposal for the establishment of a permanent World Food Board was rejected.
Nevertheless, his commitment to the cause remained strong and he donated his Nobel
(20) prize money to the National Peace Council, the World Movement for Federal
Government, and similar organizations.

Questions

18. An appropriate title for this text would be -

(1) John Boyd Orr and the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization
(2) Building a Better World: John Boyd Orr and His Work on Nutrition
(3) Did John Boyd Orr Deserve the Nobel Peace Prize?
(4) Food, Health, and Income: John Boyd Orr's Most Important Research Report

)‫© כל הזכויות שמורות למרכז ארצי לבחינות ולהערכה (ע"ר‬
.‫ בלא אישור בכתב מהמרכז הארצי לבחינות ולהערכה‬- ‫ כולה או חלקים ממנה‬- ‫ או ללמדה‬,‫אין להעתיק או להפיץ בחינה זו או קטעים ממנה בכל צורה ובכל אמצעי‬