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2019 מועד אביב - 49 - פרק שני- אנגלית
Text II (Questions 18-22)
(1) The Iroquois Confederacy or, as its members prefer to call themselves, the
Haudenosaunee (People of the Longhouse), is a political alliance of six Native
American tribes. Like other native peoples of North America, the Iroquois were key
figures in the region's development and greatly influenced early North American history.
(5) Iroquois women, for example, have long been a source of interest and inspiration to
women's rights activists. Indeed, 19th-century American feminists such as Elizabeth
Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott explicitly cited the model of Iroquois women in their
campaign to achieve equality between the sexes. At a time when women in the Western
world were regarded as weak and inferior to their male counterparts, Iroquois women
(10) were both respected and powerful.
Women played a pivotal role in Iroquois society. Each of the six Iroquois tribes was
divided into several clans (named after animals such as bear, turtle, and wolf), each of
which was headed by a "clan mother". The tribes were matrilineal: after marriage, a
man joined his wife's family and their children became members of her clan.
(15) Together, the clan mothers made up the powerful Clan Mothers' Council, which was
responsible for appointing the sachem, or tribal leader. While only a man could become
the sachem, it was the women of the Clan Mothers' Council who elected him and who
had the power to replace him if his behavior displeased them. Furthermore, the Council
divided up the land of the predominantly agricultural Iroquois, determining which
(20) tracts of land would be allocated to whom.
Questions
18. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that "Haudenosaunee" is -
(1) a Native American word
(2) a tribe that no longer exists
(3) the name of an Iroquois language
(4) one of six important Native American tribes
)© כל הזכויות שמורות למרכז ארצי לבחינות ולהערכה (ע"ר
. בלא אישור בכתב מהמרכז הארצי לבחינות ולהערכה- כולה או חלקים ממנה- או ללמדה,אין להעתיק או להפיץ בחינה זו או קטעים ממנה בכל צורה ובכל אמצעי
